Local LLM Agents as Vulnerable Runtimes:A Source-Code Audit of the Agent Runtime Layer
Local LLM agents such as OpenClaw and Nanobot run on end-user machines and act on host resources - the shell, filesystem, browser, stored credentials, and messaging applications - through natural-language goals. These agents have become privileged software runtimes that mediate between user intent, model outputs, and host-level actions. Existing research characterizes the landscape through prompt injection, malicious skills, marketplace risks, or black-box evaluation of agents. But the implementation layer that performs this mediation, the prompt builder, parser, tool dispatcher, skill loader, memory writer, network client, and permission gate, has remained an unexamined safety boundary. ...
| Authors | Zhengsong Zhang, Zongze Li, Jiawei Guo et al. |
|---|---|
| Primary category | cs.CR |
| Published | 19 June 2026 |
| Last updated at source | 19 June 2026 |
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