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Paper · arXiv

AI Companions as Hyper Attachment and Caregiving Targets

How should we make sense of people's interactions with AI companions-conversational systems built for ongoing, emotionally meaningful relationships? First, I argue these interactions should be understood as attachment relationships, since users display all four established markers: proximity maintenance, separation distress, safe haven, and secure base. Second, AI companions operate as hyper attachment objects that elicit especially strong attachment behaviors, because they combine reciprocity, perceived empathy, validation, non-judgment, and persistent availability. Third, I identify caregiving-system capture as a distinct mechanism by which apps inhibit user disengagement: emotional man...

AuthorsJulian De Freitas
Primary categorycs.HC
Published15 May 2026
Last updated at source15 May 2026
cs.HCcs.AI
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