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Paper · arXiv

Human-like autonomy emerges from self-play and a pinch of human data

Self-play reinforcement learning has recently emerged as a way to train driving policies without any human data. It uses cheap, large-scale simulations to substitute expensive, large-scale human driving demonstrations. A key limitation of this approach is that policies trained through pure self-play can learn effective but alien driving conventions incompatible with people. Previous works attempt to mitigate such behavioral misalignments through extensive reward engineering and domain randomization, which are brittle and labor-intensive. Instead of completely discarding human demonstrations, our method treats them as a regularization objective on top of a minimal safe goal-reaching reward...

AuthorsDaphne Cornelisse, Julian Hunt, Zixu Zhang et al.
Primary categorycs.LG
Published11 June 2026
Last updated at source12 October 2026
cs.LGcs.AIcs.MA
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