XFlow: An Executable Protocol Programming System for Reliable Multi-Agent Workflows
LLM-based multi-agent systems increasingly coordinate planning, reasoning, tool use, and human interaction, yet their reliability remains limited. A central source of this limitation is the underspecified prompt--harness boundary. Current systems lack a principled way to decide which workflow commitments should remain in prompts and which should become harness structure. We present \textbf{XFlow}, an executable protocol programming system for reliable multi-agent workflows, and \textbf{XPF} (XFlow Protocol Format), its domain-specific protocol programming language. XFlow occupies a middle position between prompt-only orchestration and markup-like workflow descriptions. XPF remains readabl...
| Authors | Hanqi Li, Jing Peng, Zijian Wang et al. |
|---|---|
| Primary category | cs.PL |
| Published | 11 June 2026 |
| Last updated at source | 11 June 2026 |
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