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Paper · arXiv

Generalization in Nonlinear Least Squares via Learned Feature Geometry

We study the generalization of ridge-regularized nonlinear least-squares models via on-average algorithmic stability, deriving error bounds for local minimizers in terms of a data-dependent effective dimension that reflects the geometry of the gradient model at the trained parameters, through the empirical Jacobian Gram matrix and a residual-curvature term. In the linear case, where the curvature term vanishes, this recovers the classical effective dimension of the Jacobian kernel covariance, but evaluated at the trained model rather than at initialization as is typical in neural tangent kernel analyses. We further bound this effective dimension via covering complexity of the gradient fea...

AuthorsAyub Kharel, Ilja Kuzborskij, Patrick Rebeschini et al.
Primary categorystat.ML
Published7 June 2026
Last updated at source30 September 2026
stat.MLcs.LG
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