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Paper · arXiv

Agentic Search for Counterfactual Recourse under Fixed LLM Budgets

Counterfactual recourse aims to provide actionable feature changes that would alter an unfavorable decision made by a predictive model. In practice, affected individuals often benefit from multiple feasible alternatives rather than a single optimal explanation. A natural way to produce such alternatives is to prompt large language models (LLMs). However, prompting incurs a practical constraint: the number of LLM calls is often the dominant computational and economic cost. Together, the need for multiple alternatives and this cost constraint shift the problem from finding a single high-quality counterfactual to efficiently generating a set of oracle-validated counterfactuals under a fixed ...

AuthorsYasuo Tabei
Primary categorycs.LG
Published7 June 2026
Last updated at source28 September 2026
cs.LGcs.AI
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