Systematic LLM Translation of Legacy Scientific Code to Differentiable Frameworks: Application to a Land Surface Model
Differentiable programming offers transformative capabilities for scientific modeling, enabling gradient-based parameter estimation, sensitivity analysis, and data assimilation. Yet, migrating legacy codebases into differentiable frameworks remains a challenge. We present a five-phase LLM-based agentic pipeline that translates legacy Fortran into JAX: static dependency analysis determines module translation order from the full call graph; iterative compile-repair loops correct errors autonomously; and a Fortran reference oracle enforces numerical parity at the module level before integration and gradient verification. We instantiate and evaluate the pipeline on CLM-ml-v2, a 19,000-line Fo...
| Authors | Aya Lahlou, Linnia Hawkins, Pierre Gentine |
|---|---|
| Primary category | cs.SE |
| Published | 4 June 2026 |
| Last updated at source | 4 June 2026 |
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