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Paper · arXiv

Discovering Multiscale Deep Formulas in Complex Systems via Neural-Guided Lambda Calculus

A fundamental problem in science is identifying underlying patterns of complex systems in the form of concise mathematical formulas. Current Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based methods have shown strong performance in single-scale systems, yet remain limited in identifying scale-specific formulas in multiscale complex systems. We present Deflex, an end-to-end AI method to automatically extract multiscale formulas with potentially different forms, including invariants and distributions, from complex systems. Deflex consists of two subsystems named Deflexformer and Deflexpressor. Deflexpressor is a lambda-calculus symbolic regression model for higher-order formulas. Deflexformer is a decompo...

AuthorsHanqiao Yu, Shusen Yang, Xuebin Ren et al.
Primary categorycs.LG
Published5 June 2026
Last updated at source5 June 2026
cs.LG
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