Assessing the Carbon Emissions and Energy Consumption of U.S. Hyperscale Data Centers
The rapid proliferation of hyperscale data centers (HDCs) in the US, mainly driven by the adoption of artificial intelligence, has raised concerns about this industry's environmental footprint. We compiled facility-level information on 403 US hyperscale data centers operating between May 2024 and April 2025 and estimated their electricity consumption, electricity sources, and attributable CO2 emissions. Across different facility-load scenarios, these HDCs consumed approximately 68-99 TWh of electricity and were associated with about 37-54 million metric tons of CO2. Under the central scenario, HDC electricity demand corresponded to approximately 1.8% of total US electricity consumption, w...
| Authors | Gianluca Guidi, Francesca Dominici, Tiziano Squartini et al. |
|---|---|
| Primary category | cs.AI |
| Published | 3 June 2026 |
| Last updated at source | 3 June 2026 |
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