Arithmetic Pedagogy for Language Models
We investigate whether methods of human mathematics pedagogy can guide the training of language models toward arithmetic reasoning. Building on the GASING method -- an Indonesian pedagogy that solves basic arithmetic through a left-to-right procedure aligned with the causal order of token generation -- we operationalize each operation as a computational procedure whose execution trace is serialized into natural-language Chain-of-Thought (CoT) supervision. A small GPT-2 decoder (86M parameters) with a syllabic-agglutinative TOBA tokenizer for Indonesian is trained from scratch on this data using only a next-token prediction objective, without reinforcement learning or reward-based optimiza...
| Authors | Andhika Bernard Lumbantobing, Hokky Situngkir |
|---|---|
| Primary category | cs.CL |
| Published | 3 June 2026 |
| Last updated at source | 3 June 2026 |
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