When Clients Stop Following: A Cognitive Conceptualization Diagram-driven Framework for Strategic Counseling
Large Language Models (LLMs) show promise in psychological counseling, yet existing benchmarks rely heavily on highly cooperative simulated clients. We observe a critical counselor-following phenomenon: these clients often rapidly shift from resistance to compliance after only a few turns, creating an illusion of therapeutic progress and inflating scores under current evaluation protocols through superficial empathy. To address this evaluation mismatch, we propose a Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)-grounded resistance-aware framework. We introduce CARS, a client simulator that explicitly models dynamic resistance via Cognitive Conceptualization Diagrams (CCDs). We present STREAMS, a dua...
| Authors | Yihao Qin, Junyi Zhao, Changsheng Ma et al. |
|---|---|
| Primary category | cs.CL |
| Published | 3 June 2026 |
| Last updated at source | 3 June 2026 |
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