TurtleAI: Benchmarking Multimodal Models for Visual Programming in Turtle Graphics
Vision-language models (VLMs) have been explored for visual programming, where they generate code to solve visual tasks. However, most prior work focuses on visual programming for productivity; it remains unclear how well current VLMs perform on education-oriented visual programming and what factors limit their performance. To bridge this gap, we introduce TurtleAI, a benchmark containing 823 tasks curated based on real-world visual programming tasks in the Turtle Graphics domain. Solving these tasks requires models to perceive geometric patterns, reason about spatial relationships, and synthesize Python code that faithfully reproduces geometric patterns. We evaluate 20+ VLMs, including G...
| Authors | Chao Wen, Jacqueline Staub, Adish Singla |
|---|---|
| Primary category | cs.CV |
| Published | 2 June 2026 |
| Last updated at source | 2 June 2026 |
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