S-SPPO: Semantic-Calibrated Self-Play Preference Optimization
Aligning Large Language Models (LLMs) with human preferences is often formulated via Direct Preference Optimization (DPO). However, the standard Bradley-Terry instantiation of DPO is limited in modeling common departures from transitivity in human preferences. To address this, recent work has introduced Self-Play Preference Optimization (SPPO), which iteratively refines the policy by training on self-generated win-lose pairs. Our investigation, however, reveals a critical instability in SPPO: the optimization is prone to policy degeneration when the preference oracle assigns overly confident wins to semantically indistinguishable responses. To mitigate this, we propose S-SPPO, a dual-spac...
| Authors | Xiwen Chen, Wenhui Zhu, Jingjing Wang et al. |
|---|---|
| Primary category | cs.AI |
| Published | 1 June 2026 |
| Last updated at source | 12 June 2026 |
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