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Paper · arXiv

Perturbative methods for non-parametric instrumental variable

We introduce a perturbative approach for nonparametric instrumental variable (NPIV) estimation. By drawing inspiration from perturbation theory in physics, we extend standard kernel ridge methods with systematic higher perturbation order corrections that significantly improve estimation accuracy. Spectrally, the perturbation introduces mixing between different eigenmodes of the expectation integral operator, which becomes especially useful when the integral equation is ill-defined. One source for such ill-definedness can be the curse of dimensionality. Our method performs across various dimensionality regimes, particularly when the dimensionality parameter $β$ which is defined through the...

AuthorsWei Bu, Arthur Gretton
Primary categorycs.LG
Published29 May 2026
Last updated at source29 May 2026
cs.LGstat.ML
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