The Architecture of Errors: From Universal Impossibility to Patch-Local LLM Reliability
Universal LLM reliability is not a finite-library problem: across all possible tasks, tools, schemas, knowledge sources, and evaluator expectations, new intervention-distinguishable failure modes can appear without bound, so no finite intervention dictionary can guarantee bounded residual error for every such mode. But deployed systems do not operate over the whole universe. They operate inside operationally bounded patches (legal review, medical RAG, code repair, customer-support agents, contract extraction) with recurring tasks, schemas, tools, and evaluator expectations. Within such patches, empirical evidence suggests failures are sparse, repetitive, and concentrated in a small recurr...
| Authors | Mikhail L. Arbuzov, Lee Mosbacker, Sisong Bei et al. |
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| Primary category | cs.CL |
| Published | 28 May 2026 |
| Last updated at source | 28 May 2026 |
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