Three-dimensional Conditional Diffusion Models for Cosmological 21 cm Lightcone Emulation
We investigate conditional diffusion modeling for three-dimensional 21 cm lightcone emulation, focusing on cubes with a sky-plane size of $64\times64$ and a line-of-sight depth up to 1024 cells. Relative to earlier 2D studies, the 3D setting is substantially harder because memory limits enforce very small micro-batches while the underlying voxel distribution is highly skewed and long tailed. We perform controlled comparisons across preprocessing choices, dynamic-range compression settings, architecture depth, and training duration using $25{,}600$ training lightcones and validation ensembles at fixed parameter points. For validation, each reference parameter point contains 800 21cmFAST re...
| Authors | Bin Xia, John H. Wise |
|---|---|
| Primary category | astro-ph.IM |
| Published | 27 May 2026 |
| Last updated at source | 31 August 2026 |
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