AgentDiff: Meaning-Bearing Rewrites Trigger Deeper Divergence than Presentation Changes in LLM Agents
LLM agents should respond to what an input means, not how it is presented. We show that they do not treat these two kinds of variation equally. AgentDiff measures the difference between answer changes caused by meaning-bearing rewrites (paraphrase and synonym substitution) and presentation changes (reordering, formatting, and distractors), while matching perturbation severity. Across 68 model--benchmark--scaffold cells spanning ten LLMs from seven architecture families, three benchmarks, 1{,}530 original questions, and approximately 11{,}150 variants, meaning-bearing rewrites produce a $+19.69$ percentage-point higher inconsistency rate (paired $t=9.58$, $p<0.0001$; 64/68 cells positive)....
| Authors | Liyun Zhang, Jiayi Guo |
|---|---|
| Primary category | cs.CL |
| Published | 25 May 2026 |
| Last updated at source | 26 August 2026 |
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