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Paper · arXiv

Offline Contextual Bandits in the Presence of New Actions

Automated decision-making algorithms drive applications such as recommendation systems and search engines. These algorithms often rely on off-policy contextual bandits or off-policy learning (OPL). Conventionally, OPL selects actions that maximize the expected reward from an existing action set. However, in many real-world scenarios, actions, such as news articles or video content, change continuously, and the action space evolves over time after data collection. We define actions introduced after deploying the logging policy as new actions and focus on OPL with new actions. Existing OPL methods identify optimal actions from the existing set effectively but cannot learn and select new act...

AuthorsRen Kishimoto, Tatsuhiro Shimizu, Kazuki Kawamura et al.
Primary categorycs.LG
Published18 May 2026
Last updated at source18 May 2026
cs.LG
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