IVF-TQ: Calibration-Free Streaming Vector Search via a Codebook-Free Residual Layer
Approximate nearest neighbor (ANN) indexes deployed against streaming corpora silently lose recall over weeks. The standard diagnosis is distribution shift, but under shuffled-i.i.d. ingestion -- no shift at all -- product quantization still degrades -3.8pp at sub-matched bit budgets. The dominant production compression methods (PQ, OPQ, ScaNN) all fit a codebook to an initial sample and reuse it as the database grows by orders of magnitude. This paper presents IVF-TQ, an inverted-file index whose residual compression layer is data-independent: a fixed random rotation followed by a precomputed Lloyd-Max scalar quantizer parameterised only by the bit width b and dimension d. Only the IVF c...
| Authors | Tarun Sharma |
|---|---|
| Primary category | cs.LG |
| Published | 17 May 2026 |
| Last updated at source | 22 May 2026 |
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