Cluster-Aware Neural Collapse Prompt Tuning for Long-Tailed Generalization of Vision-Language Models
Prompt learning has emerged as an efficient alternative to fine-tuning pre-trained vision-language models (VLMs). Despite its promise, current methods still struggle to maintain tail-class discriminability when adapting to class-imbalanced datasets. In this work, we propose cluster-aware neural collapse prompt tuning (CPT), which enhances the discriminability of tail classes in prompt-tuned VLMs without sacrificing their overall generalization. First, we design a cluster-invariant space by mining semantic assignments from the pre-trained VLM and mapping them to prompt-tuned features. This computes cluster-level boundaries and restricts the constraints to local neighborhoods, which reduces...
| Authors | Boyang Guo, Liang Li, Lin Peng et al. |
|---|---|
| Primary category | cs.CV |
| Published | 12 May 2026 |
| Last updated at source | 12 May 2026 |
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