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Paper · arXiv

In-Context Black-Box Optimization with Unreliable Feedback

Black-box optimization in science and engineering often comes with side information: experts, simulators, pretrained predictors, or heuristics can suggest which candidates look promising. This information can accelerate search, but it can also be biased, input-dependent, or misleading. Feedback-aware BO methods typically handle one task at a time, limiting their ability to generalize over multiple sources of feedback. In-context optimizers address cross-task adaptation, but usually assume that optimization history is the only available signal at test time. We study feedback-informed in-context black-box optimization (FICBO), where a pretrained optimizer conditions on both the observed his...

AuthorsNicolas Samuel Blumer, Julien Martinelli, Samuel Kaski
Primary categorycs.LG
Published7 May 2026
Last updated at source7 May 2026
cs.LGcs.AI
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