Grammar-Constrained Refinement of Safety Operational Rules Using Language in the Loop: What Could Go Wrong
Safety specifications in cyber-physical systems (CPS) capture the operational conditions the system must satisfy to operate safely within its intended environment. As operating environments evolve, operational rules must be continuously refined to preserve consistency with observed system behavior during simulation-based verification and validation. Revising inconsistent rules is challenging because the changes must remain syntactically correct under a domain-specific grammar. Language-in-the-loop refinement further raises safety concerns beyond syntactic violations, as it can produce semantically unjustified refinements that overfit to the observed outcomes. We introduce a framework that...
| Authors | Khouloud Gaaloul, Zaid Ghazal, Madhu Latha Pulimi et al. |
|---|---|
| Primary category | cs.SE |
| Published | 26 April 2026 |
| Last updated at source | 26 April 2026 |
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