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Paper · arXiv

COSAC: Counterfactual Credit Assignment in Sequential Cooperative Teams

In cooperative teams where agents act in a fixed order and share a single team-level reward (multi-agent language systems, sequential robotic tasks), per-agent credit assignment is under-determined. Critic-based approaches scale poorly as the number of agents grows owing to the costly maintenance of joint/factored critic(s), whereas the existing critic-free alternatives have other issues: common credit across agents that couples every agent's signal to teammate noise, importance-sampling corrections for upstream-update staleness that incur variance exponential in team size, or per-agent counterfactual replay that isolates each agent's effect at the price of extra environment or reward cal...

AuthorsShripad Deshmukh, Jayakumar Subramanian, Raghavendra Addanki et al.
Primary categorycs.LG
Published20 April 2026
Last updated at source9 May 2026
cs.LGcs.AIcs.MA
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