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Paper · arXiv

C-voting: Confidence-Based Test-Time Voting without Explicit Energy Functions

Neural network models with latent recurrent processing, where identical layers are recursively applied to the latent state, have gained attention as promising models for performing reasoning tasks. A strength of such models is that they enable test-time scaling, where the models can enhance their performance in the test phase without additional training. Models such as the Hierarchical Reasoning Model (HRM) and Artificial Kuramoto Oscillatory Neurons (AKOrN) can facilitate deeper reasoning by increasing the number of recurrent steps, thereby enabling the completion of challenging tasks, including Sudoku, Maze solving, and AGI benchmarks. In this work, we introduce confidence-based voting ...

AuthorsKenji Kubo, Shunsuke Kamiya, Masanori Koyama et al.
Primary categorycs.LG
Published15 April 2026
Last updated at source15 April 2026
cs.LGcs.AI
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