Bilevel Late Acceptance Hill Climbing for the Electric Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem
This paper tackles the Electric Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem (E-CVRP) through a bilevel optimization framework that handles routing and charging decisions separately or jointly depending on the search stage. By analyzing their interaction, we introduce a surrogate objective at the upper level to guide the search and accelerate convergence. A bilevel Late Acceptance Hill Climbing algorithm (b-LAHC) is introduced that operates through three phases: greedy descent, neighborhood exploration, and final solution refinement. b-LAHC operates with fixed parameters, eliminating the need for complex adaptation while remaining lightweight and effective. Extensive experiments on the IEEE WCCI-2...
| Authors | Yinghao Qin, Mosab Bazargani, Edmund K. Burke et al. |
|---|---|
| Primary category | cs.AI |
| Published | 14 April 2026 |
| Last updated at source | 14 April 2026 |
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