From GPT-3 to GPT-5: Mapping their capabilities, scope, limitations, and consequences
We present the progress of the GPT family from GPT-3 through GPT-3.5, GPT-4, GPT-4 Turbo, GPT-4o, GPT-4.1, and the GPT-5 family. Our work is comparative rather than merely historical. We investigates how the family evolved in technical framing, user interaction, modality, deployment architecture, and governance viewpoint. The work focuses on five recurring themes: technical progression, capability changes, deployment shifts, persistent limitations, and downstream consequences. In term of research design, we consider official technical reports, system cards, API and model documentation, product announcements, release notes, and peer-reviewed secondary studies. A primary assertion is that l...
| Authors | Hina Afridi, Habib Ullah, Sultan Daud Khan et al. |
|---|---|
| Primary category | cs.AI |
| Published | 11 April 2026 |
| Last updated at source | 11 April 2026 |
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