Generalization Bounds for Spectral GNNs via Fourier Domain Analysis
Spectral graph neural networks learn graph filters, but their behavior with increasing depth and polynomial order is not well understood. We analyze these models in the graph Fourier domain, where each layer becomes an element-wise frequency update, separating the fixed spectrum from trainable parameters and making depth and order explicit. In this setting, we show that Gaussian complexity is invariant under the Graph Fourier Transform, which allows us to derive data-dependent, depth, and order-aware generalization bounds together with stability estimates. In the linear case, our bounds are tighter, and on real graphs, the data-dependent term correlates with the generalization gap across ...
| Authors | Vahan A. Martirosyan, Daniele Malitesta, Hugues Talbot et al. |
|---|---|
| Primary category | cs.LG |
| Published | 1 April 2026 |
| Last updated at source | 1 April 2026 |
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