Can we generate portable representations for clinical time series data using LLMs?
Deploying clinical ML is slow and brittle: models that work at one hospital often degrade under distribution shifts at the next. In this work, we study a simple question -- can large language models (LLMs) create portable patient embeddings i.e. representations of patients enable a downstream predictor built on one hospital to be used elsewhere with minimal-to-no retraining and fine-tuning. To do so, we map from irregular ICU time series onto concise natural language summaries using a frozen LLM, then embed each summary with a frozen text embedding model to obtain a fixed length vector capable of serving as input to a variety of downstream predictors. Across three cohorts (MIMIC-IV, HIRID...
| Authors | Zongliang Ji, Yifei Sun, Andre Amaral et al. |
|---|---|
| Primary category | cs.LG |
| Published | 25 March 2026 |
| Last updated at source | 18 April 2026 |
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