M3T: Discrete Multi-Modal Motion Tokens for Sign Language Production
Sign language production requires more than hand motion generation. Non-manual features, including mouthings, eyebrow raises, gaze, and head movements, are grammatically obligatory and cannot be recovered from manual articulators alone. Existing 3D production systems face two barriers to integrating them: the body-model fittings they train on retain a facial space too low-dimensional to encode these articulations, and, if richer representations are adopted, standard discrete tokenization suffers from codebook collapse, leaving most of the expression space largely unreachable. We propose SMPL-FX, which couples FLAME's rich expression space with the SMPL-X body parameterisation, and tokeniz...
| Authors | Alexandre Symeonidis-Herzig, Jianhe Low, Ozge Mercanoglu Sincan et al. |
|---|---|
| Primary category | cs.CV |
| Published | 24 March 2026 |
| Last updated at source | 2 September 2026 |
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