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Paper · arXiv

When Only the Final Text Survives: Implicit Execution Tracing for Multi-Agent Auditing

When a multi-agent system produces an incorrect or harmful answer, who is accountable if execution logs and agent identifiers are unavailable? In practice, generated content is often detached from its execution environment due to privacy or system boundaries, leaving the final text as the only auditable artifact. Existing attribution methods rely on full execution traces and thus become ineffective in such metadata-deprived settings. We propose Implicit Execution Tracing (IET), a provenance-by-design framework that shifts attribution from post-hoc inference to built-in instrumentation. Rather than inferring provenance after the fact, IET embeds agent-specific, key-conditioned statistical ...

AuthorsYi Nian, Haosen Cao, Shenzhe Zhu et al.
Primary categorycs.AI
Published18 March 2026
Last updated at source1 August 2026
cs.AIcs.CL
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