Models as Lego Builders: Assembling Malice from Benign Blocks via Semantic Blueprints
Despite the rapid progress of Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs), the integration of visual modalities introduces new safety vulnerabilities that adversaries can exploit to elicit biased or malicious outputs. In this paper, we demonstrate an underexplored vulnerability via semantic slot filling, where LVLMs complete missing slot values with unsafe content even when the slot types are deliberately crafted to appear benign. Building on this finding, we propose StructAttack, a simple yet effective single-query jailbreak framework under black-box settings. StructAttack decomposes a harmful query into a central topic and a set of benign-looking slot types, then embeds them as structured visu...
| Authors | Chenxi Li, Xianggan Liu, Dake Shen et al. |
|---|---|
| Primary category | cs.CV |
| Published | 8 March 2026 |
| Last updated at source | 8 March 2026 |
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