From Thinker to Society: Security in Hierarchical Autonomy Evolution of AI Agents
Artificial Intelligence (AI) agents have evolved from passive predictive tools into active entities capable of autonomous decision-making and environmental interaction, driven by the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, this evolution has introduced critical security vulnerabilities that existing frameworks fail to address. The Hierarchical Autonomy Evolution (HAE) framework organizes agent security into three tiers: Cognitive Autonomy (L1) targets internal reasoning integrity; Execution Autonomy (L2) covers tool-mediated environmental interaction; Collective Autonomy (L3) addresses systemic risks in multi-agent ecosystems. We present a taxonomy of threats span...
| Authors | Xiaolei Zhang, Lu Zhou, Xiaogang Xu et al. |
|---|---|
| Primary category | cs.CR |
| Published | 8 March 2026 |
| Last updated at source | 21 March 2026 |
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